The Internet of Things (IoT) involves the interconnection of heterogeneous, intelligent, and distributed devices via the internet, enabling seamless communication and interaction. Its industrial application, termed Industrial IoT (IIoT), enhances productivity and reduces disaster risks. A specialized form of this, the Internet of Maritime Things (IoMT), applies IoT technologies in the maritime sector, using embedded sensors and actuators on marine equipment to improve communication within nautical radio networks.
Marine operations often encounter issues such as transmission delays, environmental hazards, accidents, and security threats, especially under harsh conditions. To tackle these challenges, advanced technologies like ubiquitous computing, software-defined networking (SDN), and network functions virtualization (NFV), along with robust communication techniques such as emergent configurations (EC), channel estimation (CE), and routing protocols, are essential for maintaining effective and resilient maritime networks.
Emergent configuration supports collaboration among IoT devices within maritime radio networks, ensuring they adapt and operate cooperatively to optimize performance and user satisfaction. This research presents a survey of IoT and IIoT and proposes a novel network architecture integrating ubiquitous computing and SDN for boosting oil and gas production throughput in maritime environments. The system is designed to handle deep-sea exploration, especially during oil spill emergencies.
Channel Estimation (CE), another key technique, enhances deep-sea communication by approximating the channel impulse response (CIR), allowing receivers to anticipate and manage signal distortions. Two CE schemes were developed: inter-symbol interference/average noise reduction (ISI/ANR) and reweighted error-reducing (RER). The RER method uses Manhattan distance, normalization for stability, a log-sum penalty function, and a reweighting attractor to minimize signal error and improve resilience. The ISI/ANR technique mitigates inter-symbol interference and channel noise through low-pass filtering, enhancing performance in noisy environments.
